Financial Architecture — K-12

Financial Architecture: Needs, Wants, Budgeting, and Building Wealth

Grades 4-12  |  Aurora Curriculum Pack
Aurora Financial Architecture standard: Every financial decision has a documented tradeoff. The scholar who can name the tradeoff before making a decision is in control of the decision. The scholar who cannot name it is controlled by it. We build wealth by understanding money as a system, not as a mystery.
How to use this sheet: Three grade bands below. Complete the band that matches your scholar's level. Parents: the 9-12 band includes content appropriate for adults reviewing financial fundamentals.

Grade Band: 4-6 — Needs vs. Wants, Budget Planning, Saving Goals

Grades 4-6
Key Concepts:
Need: something required for health, safety, shelter, or education (food, rent, medicine, school materials)
Want: something desired but not required for basic well-being (games, snacks, entertainment, accessories)
Budget: a plan for how to use income — it is made BEFORE money is spent, not after
Savings goal: a documented target amount that requires planning to reach
Part 1 — Classify and Explain

For each item, circle N (Need) or W (Want) and write one sentence explaining your classification. Remember: context matters. A bus pass might be a Need for a family without a car.

ItemN or WWhy?
Rent paymentN   W
Streaming subscriptionN   W
School booksN   W
Brand-name sneakersN   W
Prescription medicineN   W
Birthday gift for a friendN   W
Bus pass to get to schoolN   W
Savings depositN   W
Part 2 — Monthly Budget Practice

Monthly income (allowance, earnings, or given amount): $ _______

Fill in the budget table. Every row must have a N or W label.

ExpenseN or WPlanned Amount
Savings (pay yourself first)N$ _______
N   W$ _______
N   W$ _______
N   W$ _______
N   W$ _______
N   W$ _______
Total$ _______

Total income minus total planned spending: $ _______ (this should be zero or positive — why?) _______________________________________________

Part 3 — Savings Goal Planning

Name one thing you want to save for: _______________________ Cost: $ _______

Amount you can save per week: $ _______

Number of weeks to reach your goal: $ _______ divided by $ _______ per week = _______ weeks

What will you give up or reduce to make room for this savings? _______________________________________________

Part 4 — Documented Tradeoff

The tradeoff is what you give up when you choose to spend money on something. Every dollar spent on one thing is a dollar not spent on something else. Write the tradeoff for one decision from your budget:

If I spend $ _______ on _______________, I cannot spend that money on _______________. That is the tradeoff I am choosing to make.

Aurora Pause — Grades 4-6

Documented fact: The Freedman's Bank (1865-1874) was established to help formerly enslaved Black Americans save money. By 1874, approximately 61,000 Black Americans had deposited over $3.7 million in the bank. Then the bank failed due to mismanagement — and the depositors lost their money. What does this history tell you about why Black communities have sometimes been cautious about banks? Name one specific thing this history documents:


Grade Band: 7-9 — Income, Expenses, Percentages, and Interest

Grades 7-9
Key Concepts:
Gross income: total earned before deductions
Net income: take-home pay after taxes and deductions (approximately 70-80% of gross for most workers)
Fixed expenses: same amount every month (rent, loan payment, subscription)
Variable expenses: changes month to month (groceries, utilities, transportation, clothing)
Simple interest: Interest = Principal x Rate x Time (I = PRT)
Emergency fund: documented standard = 3-6 months of living expenses
Part 1 — Net Income Calculation

Monthly gross income (what you earn before taxes): $ _______

Estimated taxes and deductions (approximately 25%): - $ _______

Net monthly income (what you actually take home): = $ _______

Show your calculation for the tax estimate: _______________________________________________

Part 2 — The 50/30/20 Budget Framework
The 50/30/20 rule: 50% of net income to Needs, 30% to Wants, 20% to Savings and Debt. This is a starting framework — it may need to be adjusted for your actual situation.

Your net income: $ _______

CategoryPercentageDollar AmountYour Actual Plan
Needs (housing, food, transportation, utilities)50%$ _______$ _______
Wants (entertainment, dining out, subscriptions)30%$ _______$ _______
Savings and debt payoff20%$ _______$ _______

If your actual needs exceed 50%, what must change? _______________________________________________

Part 3 — Simple Interest Calculations (I = PRT)
I = P x R x T
I = Interest earned or owed
P = Principal (starting amount)
R = Annual interest rate (as a decimal — divide the percent by 100)
T = Time in years

Scenario A — Savings account (interest earned):
You deposit $800 in a savings account that earns 3% annual interest. How much interest do you earn in 2 years?

P = _______   R = _______   T = _______   I = P x R x T = _______

Total in account after 2 years: $ _______

Scenario B — Credit card (interest owed):
You carry a $400 balance on a credit card that charges 24% annual interest. You pay nothing for 1 year. How much do you now owe?

P = _______   R = _______   T = _______   I = _______

Total owed after 1 year: $ _______

What does this calculation tell you about carrying a credit card balance? _______________________________________________

Part 4 — Building an Emergency Fund

Your monthly needs total: $ _______

3-month emergency fund target: $ _______ x 3 = $ _______

6-month emergency fund target: $ _______ x 6 = $ _______

If you save $ _______ per month, how many months to reach your 3-month fund? _______ months

Aurora Pause — Grades 7-9

In 1921, the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma — known as "Black Wall Street" — was destroyed by a violent mob over two days. Documented property losses exceeded $1.8 million in 1921 dollars (equivalent to over $30 million today). 35 blocks of Black-owned businesses and 1,256 homes were burned. Survivors received no government restitution. Using the concept of compound interest: if those businesses had continued operating and their owners had been able to invest even $1,000 each at 5% annual growth for the 100 years between 1921 and 2021, what would that investment be worth? (Use a calculator if needed.) What does this calculation document about the long-term economic impact of racial violence?

Calculated value: $ _______    What this documents: _______________________________________________


Grade Band: 10-12 — Compound Interest, Investing, Credit, and Cooperative Economics

Grades 10-12
Key Concepts:
Compound interest: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt) — interest earns interest over time
Net worth: Assets (what you own) minus Liabilities (what you owe)
Credit score: 300-850 scale; 35% from payment history, 30% from credit utilization, 15% from length of history
Cooperative economics: collective ownership and resource pooling to build community wealth
Index fund: a diversified investment that tracks a market index — lower risk than individual stocks
Part 1 — Compound Interest: The Wealth-Building Formula
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
A = Final amount   P = Principal   r = Annual rate (decimal)   n = Times compounded per year   t = Years

Problem A: You invest $2,000 at age 18 in an index fund that averages 8% annual return, compounded annually. What is it worth at age 65 (47 years later)?

Show setup: A = 2000(1 + 0.08/1)^(1 x 47) = _______

Value at 65: $ _______

If you had waited until age 28 to invest the same $2,000 (37 years), what would it be worth at 65? $ _______

The cost of waiting 10 years: $ _______    What does this tell you about time in the market? _______________________________________________

Part 2 — Net Worth Statement
Assets (What You Own)ValueLiabilities (What You Owe)Amount
Cash / savings$ _______Student loan$ _______
Investments / retirement$ _______Credit card balance$ _______
Vehicle (current value)$ _______Car loan remaining$ _______
Other assets$ _______Other debts$ _______
Total Assets$ _______Total Liabilities$ _______

Net Worth = Total Assets - Total Liabilities = $ _______ - $ _______ = $ _______

Is your net worth positive or negative? _______ What would need to change to improve it by $5,000 in one year? _______________________________________________

Part 3 — Credit Score Analysis

Payment history (35% of score): Have you ever made a late payment? YES / NO

Credit utilization (30%): Total credit limit: $ _______   Total balance used: $ _______   Utilization %: _______% (should stay below 30%)

Recommended action to improve your utilization: _______________________________________________

Length of history (15%): Your oldest credit account is _______ years old. How does this affect your score? _______________________________________________

Part 4 — Cooperative Economics: Community Wealth Building

A buying cooperative pools money to buy in bulk, reducing costs for all members. 12 families each contribute $150/month to a food co-op. Together they have $ _______ per month to spend.

If a 50-pound bag of rice costs $22 wholesale (versus $0.89/lb retail = $44.50 for 50 lbs), what is the co-op's savings per bag? $ _______

Over 12 months, if the co-op buys 4 bags of rice per month, what are the total documented savings? $ _______

Name one documented example of a successful cooperative business model in Black American history (research: Fannie Lou Hamer's Freedom Farm Cooperative, the Nation of Islam's business network, or the Mondragon Corporation model):

Aurora Pause — Grades 10-12

Documented research (Federal Reserve Survey of Consumer Finances, 2019): The median white family has 8 times the wealth of the median Black family. The racial wealth gap exists because wealth compounds over generations, and documented policies (redlining, exclusion from the GI Bill, discriminatory lending, discriminatory zoning) blocked Black families from the wealth-building tools that white families could access. Using your compound interest formula: if a family was prevented from buying a $15,000 home in 1950 due to redlining (and that home would now be worth $400,000 in 2024), what was the documented cost of that denied purchase in terms of lost wealth? Now consider: what tools does your generation have access to that prior generations did not?